Guides Archives - Fin-Afford https://investingroup.org/category/guides/ Learn All About Finance With Our Blog Thu, 02 Feb 2023 08:59:28 +0000 en-US hourly 1 https://wordpress.org/?v=6.0.3 https://investingroup.org/wp-content/uploads/cropped-96bcfc6b9d3c463b83bd8551cfb17d33-32x32.png Guides Archives - Fin-Afford https://investingroup.org/category/guides/ 32 32 How to write an accounting graduate CV? https://investingroup.org/how-to-write-an-accounting-graduate-cv/ Wed, 01 Feb 2023 22:17:30 +0000 https://investingroup.org/?p=182 It is well known that the field of accounting is highly competitive. If you are a recent graduate and wish to enter the industry, it is essential that your CV stands out from the competition. Here are six tips to help you create an accounting graduate CV that will catch the attention of potential employers. Who is accounter An accounter […]

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It is well known that the field of accounting is highly competitive. If you are a recent graduate and wish to enter the industry, it is essential that your CV stands out from the competition. Here are six tips to help you create an accounting graduate CV that will catch the attention of potential employers.

Who is accounter

An accounter is a person who specializes in accounting. They are typically responsible for gathering financial information, auditing accounts, providing advice on taxes and reporting on financial records. Accounters usually have a degree or certification in accounting, a keen eye for details, and excellent analytical skills. With their sound understanding of business processes and an ability to stay on top of trends in monetary regulations, they can offer invaluable services to organizations looking to stay financially healthy and compliant.

Where you can work as accounter after graduation

After graduating with an accounting degree, there are many career paths you can take. You may choose to stay within traditional roles like corporate accountant or freelance for small businesses either in-person or remotely. Alternatively, if you want to step outside of the box a bit, governmental agencies and non-profits often hire accountants, as do banks or other financial institutions. You could also use your expertise to strike out into potentially lucrative positions like CFO, financial analyst or tax consultant. All of these options provide opportunities to work in a stimulating environment where your degree and experience is put to good use.

Why you need a CV for accounter

Writing a CV for an accountant can seem daunting, but it doesn’t have to be. A great CV showcases your experience and achievements in the accounting field and can make all the difference when applying for jobs or internships. Your CV should provide employers with an overview of your qualifications that highlight why you are the right candidate for the job. It should demonstrate your expertise in areas such as business management, financial analysis, budgeting, audit process and taxation regulations. Additionally, be sure to include any relevant certifications and awards which separate you from other applicants. With a well put-together CV showcasing your skill-set as an accountant, you will have a one-up on the competition.

How to write an Accounting Graduate CV

Writing an accounting graduate CV can be a daunting task if you don’t know where to start. To make the process easier first, identify the qualifications or experiences that demonstrate your suitability for the role, such as excellent Maths and IT skills, proofreading and administrative skills. This information should form the backbone of your CV. Once you have identified these qualities, use strong language to get them across such as ‘strong numerical proficiency’, ‘advanced document formatting’ or ‘time management and multitasking’. Make sure you include names of software programs relevant to accounting like Sage or Quicken. Finally, give each position a short synopsis outlining key responsibilities – this way employers can quickly understand what they need to know about you. With a little forethought, writing an effective accounting graduate CV can be simple!

Here are some tips on how to write an effective Accounting Graduate CV:

  1. Tailor your CV to the job: Make sure to tailor your CV to the specific job you are applying for. Highlight the skills and experiences that match the job requirements.
  2. Use a clear and easy-to-read format: Use a clear and easy-to-read format that makes it easy for the employer to find the information they need. Use headings and bullet points to break up the text and make it easy to read.
  3. Highlight your education: As a recent graduate, your education is an important aspect of your CV. Be sure to include your degree, major, and any relevant coursework.
  4. Include internships and relevant experience: Include any internships or relevant experience you have had in accounting or related fields. Describe your responsibilities and accomplishments in these roles.
  5. Include technical skills: Be sure to list any technical skills you have, such as proficiency in accounting software or Excel.
  6. Include professional memberships and activities: List any professional memberships or activities you are involved in, such as the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA) or a university accounting club.
  7. Proofread: Carefully proofread your CV for grammar, spelling, and punctuation errors.
  8. Tailor your CV to the job: Make sure to tailor your CV to the specific job you are applying for. Highlight the skills and experiences that match the job requirements.
  9. Include a summary or objective statement: A summary or objective statement is a great way to briefly introduce yourself and highlight your qualifications and career goals.
  10. Keep it concise: Your CV should be no more than two pages. Be selective about the information you include and focus on the most relevant and recent experiences and achievements.

What skills you need to write into accounting resume

Crafting a great accounting resume, cover letter or CV requires you to have top-level skills in the field. For example, you need to have extensive knowledge of financial standards, processes, regulations and related laws. You should also be comfortable working with computerized systems and bookkeeping applications. Additionally, strong research capabilities are essential for uncovering financial trends or patterns; the ability to analyze complex data sets is also important. It’s equally important to be an excellent communicator in order to foster relationships with clients and colleagues. Finally, if you want your accounting CV stand out, project management skills will help ensure assigned tasks get completed on time and accurately.

Edit your Accounting CV

Editing your accounting CV can seem like a daunting task, but with a few simple tips you can have your CV up-to-date and ready for that perfect opportunity. Knowing the key skills employers are looking for is key. It’s important to highlight any experience or skills related to accounting you may have, no matter if it’s an internship or job. Additionally, ensure that all information is accurate, including any dates and contact details. If there’s too much information on your CV, think carefully about which parts are essential and prioritizse accordingly. Lastly, after a thorough review make sure you save the final version in PDF format as compatibility across different programs is sometimes challenging.

Accounting Graduate CV Example

Name: Jane Doe

Contact Information:

Summary:

Recent accounting graduate with a Bachelor of Science in Accounting from XYZ University. Strong understanding of accounting principles and financial analysis. Proficient in QuickBooks, Excel, and other accounting software. Strong analytical and problem-solving skills, with the ability to work independently and as part of a team. Seeking an entry-level position in accounting to begin a career in the field.

Education:

  • Bachelor of Science in Accounting, XYZ University, Graduated in 2020
  • Certifications: QuickBooks, Excel

Technical Skills:

  • QuickBooks, Excel, Microsoft Office Suite, accounting software
  • Strong analytical and problem-solving skills
  • Familiarity with financial statements and financial analysis
  • Strong attention to detail and ability to multitask

Work Experience:

Intern, ABC Accounting Firm

  • June 2019 – August 2019
  • Assisted with bookkeeping and financial statement preparation
  • Conducted research on financial regulations and tax laws
  • Assisted with data entry and filing

Intern, DEF Corporation

  • May 2018 – August 2018
  • Assisted with budget preparation and financial analysis
  • Conducted research on financial regulations and tax laws
  • Assisted with data entry and filing

Professional Memberships & Activities

  • Member of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA)
  • Member of the XYZ University Accounting Club

Additional Information:

  • Availability to work on remote projects
  • Willing to relocate

Note: The above-given resume is just an example, and please make sure that the experience and details are relevant to your own.

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All You Need To Know About Becoming A Consultant in Kansas https://investingroup.org/all-you-need-to-know-about-becoming-a-consultant-in-kansas/ Mon, 30 Jan 2023 14:58:50 +0000 https://investingroup.org/?p=175 You will need to learn the business and customer service aspects of being a consultant before you can start learning how to do so. In addition, you need to have a solid understanding of the industry before creating your own business or joining a consulting company. This article will discuss the duties and expectations of consultants, how much to expect […]

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You will need to learn the business and customer service aspects of being a consultant before you can start learning how to do so. In addition, you need to have a solid understanding of the industry before creating your own business or joining a consulting company.

This article will discuss the duties and expectations of consultants, how much to expect in salary, steps to become a consultant, and answer frequently asked questions.

If you need an outstanding resume and cover letter, resume editing service on Skillhub can provide both– so reach out to their professionals and spare yourself time.

What is a consultant?

Consultants look at the company and identify areas that can be improved to make it more competitive or profitable. Consultants help organizations increase efficiency, reduce costs, and increase revenue by suggesting changes to certain operations.

Consultants work in teams that are assigned to them. Each member of the team is responsible for a specific area of expertise. Consultants can work with many clients or may be specialists in one area, such as manufacturing or healthcare. They have the following duties:

  • Preparing for projects through reviewing documents, reading reports, and interviewing employees.
  • The creation of a plan and timeline for the project. This includes schedules, outcome measures, and goals.
  • When work is completed, design the final product they will deliver to your client.
  • Communication with the client’s management and employees verbally and in writing.
  • Assisting clients in implementing recommendations.
  • It is important to keep in touch with clients to ensure that the new processes are being implemented successfully, it is important to stay in touch with clients.

The average salary for a consultant

Consultants work in many different areas, some of which require specialized knowledge. Therefore, the industry that the client operates in often determines their salary. Consultants work in consulting firms. Some consultants are self-employed. Consultants rarely work for the organizations that they are evaluating.

  • The U.S. common salary: $74,617/year as of November 2019.
  • Salary ranges from $14,000 to $186,000 annually

Five steps to credibility: How to become a consultant

There are many requirements for becoming a consultant. Certain fields require greater specialization than others. You need experience and education to be considered an expert in your client’s area. These steps will help you build your credibility as a consultant.

  1. Finish your undergraduate degree.
  2. Work experience can give you practical knowledge.
  3. Be certified in your field.
  4. A master’s degree in your field of interest is required.
  5. Your network.

1. Finish your undergraduate degree

A bachelor’s degree is required for entry-level positions in many industries. Business administration, finance, and economics are the most common degrees for consultants. Business consultants may also have marketing, psychology, and computer science degrees.

2. Work experience can give you practical knowledge

Consider working as a consultant in a specific field to gain experience. Potential employers may find you more appealing if you understand the business well.

To learn more about becoming a business consultant, consider joining a professional organization such as the Association for Professional Consultants. Many associations offer discounted student memberships and valuable learning opportunities.

3. Be certified in your industry

Certification may or not be required depending on your industry. There are many requirements for business consultants. If you are interested in a job as a consultant, the Certified Management Consultant (CMC) certification is a good option. The Institute of Management Consultants USA will administer the CMC exam.

4. A master’s degree in your field of interest or higher is required

A Master’s of Business Administration can open up more career opportunities for those interested in being business consultants. Many firms prefer an advanced degree.

Consider a combination of an MBA and classes in a specific field when choosing a school. For example, many universities offer an MBA that focuses on healthcare management, which is a great option for anyone who wants to be a consultant in hospitals or other medical facilities.

5. Your network is your best asset

Building a network in every industry is important, particularly in consulting, where most of your clients are from direct contacts. However, you can also benefit from connecting with other business consultants to have someone to call with any questions about running your company, including pricing and how to solve a problem with a client.

Questions about becoming a consultant

These are some of the most common questions about becoming a consultant.

Are consultants allowed to travel to other countries for work?

Large consulting firms often do business in multiple countries, so it is possible to be assigned to projects abroad. While some firms send their top consultants overseas, others view it as an opportunity to learn from new business consultants.

Independent consultants can seek out international clients if they are appropriate for your industry.

If I apply to work in a consulting company, does my grade point average from my undergraduate and graduate studies matter?

Firms don’t usually consider your GPA or grade point average when deciding whether to hire you. Consultants are looking for a combination of academics, experience, and interpersonal skills. A high GPA won’t stop you from getting a job if you have all these skills.

What is an internship program for consultants?

Many large consulting companies offer internships to students nearing the completion of their undergraduate or graduate degrees. The training is designed to help students learn more about the role of a consultant and can last from two to three months.

Mentors are experienced consultants who serve as mentors for interns. As a result, students get an idea of the challenges and rewards of being a consultant. To apply for an internship, visit the website of the firm you are interested in to see the process and deadlines.

What skills are required to become a successful consultant?

These are some personal skills that will help you to be a successful consultant.

  • Discipline: Consultants are often working without supervision. Therefore, they must be self-disciplined to meet deadlines and follow project plans.
  • Organization: Because consulting firms often bill their clients by the hour for their services, consultants must have strong organizational and time management skills to maximize the productivity of every moment they spend on the job.
  • Consulting is about critical thinking. Clients hire consultants to solve their problems. Therefore, the most successful consultants can think critically and use necessary thinking skills to find answers quickly.
  • Communication: Consultants must have excellent communication skills, which include listening and good communication. They interact with everyone, from the CEO to the entry-level staff members, in person or writing.

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A Comprehensive Guide to Understanding Crypto Bot Algorithms and Strategies https://investingroup.org/a-comprehensive-guide-to-understanding-crypto-bot-algorithms-and-strategies/ Fri, 23 Dec 2022 09:39:21 +0000 https://investingroup.org/?p=144 Crypto bots have become an increasingly popular tool in the cryptocurrency trading world. They use sophisticated algorithms and strategies to automate buying and selling of cryptocurrencies. They can be used to trade on a variety of exchanges, and can help traders take advantage of market movements in order to generate profits. In this guide, we will explain the basics of […]

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Crypto bots have become an increasingly popular tool in the cryptocurrency trading world. They use sophisticated algorithms and strategies to automate buying and selling of cryptocurrencies. They can be used to trade on a variety of exchanges, and can help traders take advantage of market movements in order to generate profits. In this guide, we will explain the basics of crypto bot algorithms and strategies so that you can make better-informed decisions when it comes to setting up your own trading bots.

Overview of Crypto Bot Algorithms and Strategies

Crypto bot algorithms and strategies are the sets of rules that determine how a crypto bot will trade. These bots often use technical indicators, such as moving averages, to make decisions about when to buy or sell cryptocurrencies. Some bots also have more sophisticated features, such as being able to recognize patterns in the market or using machine learning algorithms to track price movements. Additionally, some bots use arbitrage strategies by taking advantage of price disparities between different exchanges.

Types of Crypto Bot Algorithms

There are several types of crypto bot algorithms that traders can choose from depending on their trading goals and preferences. For example, there are trend following algorithms that look for trends in the market and make trades accordingly. Similarly, there are mean-reversion algorithms that look for signs of an impending price correction and trade accordingly. Finally, there are arbitrage algorithms that take advantage of differences in the prices of cryptocurrencies between different exchanges.

Technical Analysis and Indicators

Technical analysis is a key concept in understanding crypto bot algorithms and strategies. Technical analysis involves analyzing the past price movements of a cryptocurrency to identify trends and make predictions about future price movements. To do this, traders use technical indicators such as moving averages and relative strength index (RSI) to measure different aspects of the market. By using these indicators, traders can gain valuable insights into the market which they can then use to inform their trading decisions.

Strategies for Automated Trading

Automated trading strategies are a popular option for crypto traders who want to take advantage of market movements without having to monitor the markets 24/7. These strategies involve setting up bots that automatically execute trades based on predetermined criteria, such as technical indicators or arbitrage opportunities. Automated trading strategies can be customized to suit different risk tolerances and goals, making them a versatile tool for any trader. Additionally, these strategies can help reduce emotions when it comes to trading since all decisions are made by the algorithm rather than by humans. However, automated trading does come with certain risks and it’s important that traders understand how these algorithms work before relying too heavily on them.

Implementing Risk Management Strategies

Risk management is an important part of any trading strategy, and crypto bot algorithms are no exception. Traders should implement stop-loss orders and diversification strategies to minimize the potential losses associated with automated trading. Stop-loss orders can help limit exposure by automatically closing trades when prices reach a certain level, while diversification helps manage risk by spreading investments across different assets. Additionally, traders should also consider implementing risk management features into the algorithms themselves, such as position sizing and trailing stops. By taking the time to understand these strategies and how they work, crypto traders can better protect their portfolios against unexpected losses.

Optimizing Performance with Backtesting

Backtesting is an important part of any algorithmic trading strategy. By testing a trading algorithm against historical data, traders can measure its performance and make adjustments to optimize its accuracy. This process is known as backtesting, and it helps traders determine whether their algorithm has the potential to be successful in the current market conditions. Backtesting also allows traders to tweak parameters such as risk tolerance, entry points, and stop-loss orders to increase the accuracy of their algorithm. Additionally, backtesting is an invaluable tool for evaluating new strategies or ideas before committing funds to them. By taking advantage of this powerful tool, crypto traders can ensure that their bot algorithms are optimized for maximum profitability.

Avoid scam crypto bots

Crypto bots offer a great way for traders to automate their trading, but unfortunately, there are some unscrupulous operators out there who are looking to take advantage of unsuspecting customers. For example, look at the recently reviewed Yuan Pay crypto bot. To protect yourself from these scammers, it’s essential to do your due diligence before investing in any crypto bot service. Here are some tips for avoiding scam crypto bots:

  • Look for transparency about the team behind the bot. A legitimate crypto bot should provide information about its creators and developers, as well as details about the underlying algorithm and strategy being used.
  • Research customer reviews and feedback. Reviews can help you gauge how successful a particular service may be and also highlight any issues or problems that existing customers have had with the bot.

Conclusion

In conclusion, crypto bots can be a great tool for crypto traders who want to take advantage of market movements without having to monitor the markets 24/7. By implementing risk management strategies and backtesting their algorithms, traders can optimize the performance of their bot and ensure that they are getting the best returns possible.

Sigrid Jonasson, contributor at cryptodaily.se

Strategisk prosjektrådgivning: Endringsledelse i blockchain her, Business cases. Sander var dypt involvert i lansering og bygging av løsninger for flere blokkjedeprogrammer som et delt offentlig nettverk.

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What Is a Good Liquidity Ratio? https://investingroup.org/what-is-a-good-liquidity-ratio/ Thu, 23 Dec 2021 11:28:55 +0000 https://investingroup.org/?p=32 Liquidity ratio for a business is its ability to pay off its debt obligations. A good liquidity ratio is anything greater than 1. It indicates that the company is in good financial health and is less likely to face financial hardships. The higher ratio, the higher is the safety margin that the business possesses to meet its current liabilities. The […]

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Liquidity ratio for a business is its ability to pay off its debt obligations. A good liquidity ratio is anything greater than 1. It indicates that the company is in good financial health and is less likely to face financial hardships.

The higher ratio, the higher is the safety margin that the business possesses to meet its current liabilities. The liquidity ratio is commonly used by creditors and lenders when deciding whether to extend credit to a business.

What Are the Types of Liquidity Ratios?

There are several ratios available for analysis, all of which compare the liquid assets to the short-term liabilities.

The most widely used solvency ratios are the current ratio, acid test ratio (also known as the quick ratio) and cash ratio.

These ratios assess the overall health of a business based on its near-term ability to keep up with debt.

How to Calculate Liquidity Ratio?

Current Ratio

The current ratio, also known as the working capital ratio, measures the business’ ability to pay off its short-term debt obligations with its current assets.

The formula for calculating the current ratio is as follows:

Current Ratio = Current Assets / Current Liabilities

So, if the current assets amount to $400,000 and current liabilities are $200,000, the current ratio is 2:1.

Current assets are liquid assets that can be converted to cash within one year such as cash, cash equivalent, accounts receivable, short-term deposits and marketable securities. The current liabilities refer to the business’ financial obligations that are payable within a year.

Obviously, a higher current ratio is better for the business. A good current ratio is between 1.2 to 2, which means that the business has 2 times more current assets than liabilities to covers its debts.

A current ratio below 1 means that the company doesn’t have enough liquid assets to cover its short-term liabilities. A ratio of 1:1 indicates that current assets are equal to current liabilities and that the business is just able to cover all of its short-term obligations.

Acid Test Ratio

The acid test ratio or the quick ratio calculates the ability to pay off current liabilities with quick assets.

The quick assets refer to the current assets of a business that can be converted into cash within ninety days. It excludes supplies, inventory and prepaid expenses.

The formula to calculate the acid test ratio is:

Acid Test Ratio = (Cash and Cash Equivalents + Current Receivables + Short-Term Investments) / Current Liabilities

If the balance sheet does provide a breakdown of the current assets, you can calculate the acid test ratio using the formula:

Acid Test Ratio = (Total Current Assets – Inventory – Prepaid Expenses) / Current Liabilities

Businesses with an acid test ratio less than one do not have enough liquid assets to pay off their debts. If the difference between the acid test ratio and the current ratio is large, it means the business is currently relying too much on inventory.

Since the inventory values vary across industries, it’s a good idea to find an industry average and then compare acid test ratios against for the business concerned against that average.

Cash Ratio

Cash ratio, also called cash asset ratio, is the ratio of cash and cash equivalent assets to its total liabilities.

The ratio indicates the extent to which readily available funds can pay off current liabilities. It is often used by lenders and potential creditors to measure business liquidity and how easily it can service debt.

The formula for calculating the current ratio is as follows:

Current Ratio = (Cash + Cash Equivalent) / Current Liabilities

If the cash ratio is equal to 1, the business has the exact amount of cash and cash equivalents to pay off the debts. If the cash ratio is less than 1, there’s not enough cash on hand to pay off short-term debt.

If a company’s cash ratio is greater than 1, the business has the ability to cover all short-term debt and still have cash remaining. However, a higher ratio may also indicate that the cash resources are not being used appropriately since it could be invested in profitable investments instead of earning the risk-free rate of interest.

What Is an Example of a Liquidity Ratio?

ParticularsAmount
Cash and Cash Equivalent3000
Short-term investments500
Receivables1000
Stock4000
Other Current Assets200
Total Current Assets8700
Accounts Payable2000
Outstanding expenses800
Tax payable1000
Deferred revenue900
Total Current Liabilities5700

1. Current Ratio = Total Current Assets / Total Current Liabilities

Current Ratio = 8700 / 5700 = 1.53

2. Acid Test Ratio = (Total Current Assets – Stock) / Current Liabilities

Acid Test Ratio = 8700 – 4000 / 5700 = 0.83

3. Current Ratio = (Cash + Cash Equivalent) / Current Liabilities

Current Ratio = 3000 / 57000 = 0.53

The liquidity ratio has an impact on the credit rating as well as the credibility of the business. The more liquid your business is, the better equipped it is to pay off short-term debts.

On the other hand, if there are continuous defaults in repayment of a short-term liability, it can lead to bankruptcy. Hence, this ratio plays important role in assessing the health and financial stability of the business.

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History of Finance https://investingroup.org/history-of-finance/ Thu, 20 Aug 2020 11:18:58 +0000 https://investingroup.org/?p=23 Finance, as a study of theory and practice distinct from the field of economics, arose in the 1940s and 1950s with the works of Harry Markowitz, William F. Sharpe, Fischer Black, and Myron Scholes, to name just a few.234 Particular realms of finance—such as banking, lending, and investing, of course, money itself—have been around since the dawn of civilization in some […]

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Finance, as a study of theory and practice distinct from the field of economics, arose in the 1940s and 1950s with the works of Harry Markowitz, William F. Sharpe, Fischer Black, and Myron Scholes, to name just a few.234 Particular realms of finance—such as banking, lending, and investing, of course, money itself—have been around since the dawn of civilization in some form or another.

The financial transactions of the early Sumerians were formalized in the Babylonian Code of Hammurabi (circa 1800 BC). This set of rules regulated ownership or rental of land, employment of agricultural labor, and credit.5 Yes, there were loans back then, and yes, interest was charged on them—rates varied depending on whether you were borrowing grain or silver.

By 1200 BC, cowrie shells were used as a form of money in China. Coined money was introduced in the first millennium BC. King Croesus of Lydia (now Turkey) was one of the first to strike and circulate gold coins around 564 BC—hence the expression, “rich as Croesus.”

In ancient Rome, coins were stored in the basement of temples as priests or temple workers were considered the most honest, devout, and safest to safeguard assets. Temples also loaned money, acting as financial centers of major cities.

Early Stocks, Bonds, and Options

Belgium claims to be home to the first exchange, with an exchange in Antwerp dating back to 1531. During the 16th century, the East India Company became the first publicly-traded company as it issued stock and paid dividends on proceeds from its voyages. The London Stock Exchange was created in 1773 and was followed by the New York Stock Exchange less than 20 years later.

The earliest recorded bond dates back to 2400 B.C., as a stone tablet recorded debt obligations that guaranteed repayment of grain.12 During the Middle Ages, governments began issuing debts to fund war efforts. In the 17th century, the Bank of England was created to finance the British Navy.13 The United States also began issuing Treasury bonds to support the Revolutionary War.

Options contracts can be found dating back to the Bible. In Genesis 29, Laban offers Jacob the option to marry his daughter in exchange for seven years of labor. However, this example demonstrates the difficulty of preserving obligations, as Laban reneged the agreement after Jacob’s labor was complete.

In Aristotle’s 4th-century philosophical work Politics, the early practice of options is outlined through an anecdote by the philosopher Thales. Believing a great future harvest of olives in the coming year, Thales pre-emptively acquired the rights to all olive presses in Chios and Miletus. Regarding options on an exchange, both forward and options contracts were integrated into Amsterdam’s sophisticated clearing process by the mid-17th century.

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Types of Finance https://investingroup.org/types-of-finance/ Thu, 18 Jun 2020 11:12:30 +0000 https://investingroup.org/?p=14 Individuals, businesses, and government entities all need funding to operate. Therefore, the finance field includes three main subcategories: Personal finance Corporate finance Public (government) finance 1. Personal Finance Personal finance is specific to an individual’s situation and activity. Therefore, related financial strategies depend largely on a person’s earnings, living requirements, goals, and desires. Financial planning involves analyzing the current financial position of individuals to formulate strategies for […]

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Individuals, businesses, and government entities all need funding to operate. Therefore, the finance field includes three main subcategories:

  • Personal finance
  • Corporate finance
  • Public (government) finance

1. Personal Finance

Personal finance is specific to an individual’s situation and activity. Therefore, related financial strategies depend largely on a person’s earnings, living requirements, goals, and desires. Financial planning involves analyzing the current financial position of individuals to formulate strategies for future needs within financial constraints.

For example, individuals must save for retirement. That requires saving or investing enough money during their working lives to fund their long-term plans. This type of financial management decision falls under personal finance.

Personal finance covers a range of activities, including using or purchasing financial products such as credit cards, insurance, mortgages, and various types of investments.

Banking is also considered a component of personal finance because individuals use checking and savings accounts as well as online or mobile payment services such as PayPal and Venmo.

2. Corporate Finance

Corporate finance refers to the financial activities related to running a corporation. A division or department usually is set up to oversee those financial activities.

For example, a large company may have to decide whether to raise additional funds through a bond issue or stock offering. Investment banks may advise the firm on such considerations and help it market the securities.

Startups may receive capital from angel investors or venture capitalists in exchange for a percentage of ownership. If a company thrives and decides to go public, it will issue shares on a stock exchange through an initial public offering (IPO) to raise cash. In other cases, to budget its capital properly and effectively, a company with growth goals may need to decide which projects to finance and which to put on hold.

All of these types of decisions fall under corporate finance.

3. Public Finance

Public finance includes taxing, spending, budgeting, and debt-issuance policies that affect how a government pays for the services it provides to the public. It is a part of fiscal policy.

The federal and state governments help prevent market failure by overseeing the allocation of resources, the distribution of income, and economic stability. Regular funding is secured mostly through taxation. Borrowing from banks, insurance companies, and other nations also helps finance government spending.

In addition to managing money in day-to-day operations, a government body also has social and fiscal responsibilities. A government is expected to ensure adequate social programs for its taxpaying citizens. It must maintain a stable economy so that people can save and be assured that their money will be safe.

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